HTML5

HTML5 will be the new standard for HTML, XHTML, and the HTML DOM.

HTML5 is cooperation between the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG).

WHATWG was working with web forms and applications, and W3C was working with XHTML 2.0. In 2006, they decided to cooperate and create a new version of HTML.

Some rules for HTML5 were established:

New features should be based on HTML, CSS, DOM, and JavaScript
Reduce the need for external plugins (like Flash)
Better error handling
More markup to replace scripting
HTML5 should be device independent
The development process should be visible to the public

New Features :

Some of the most interesting new features in HTML5:

The canvas element for drawing.
The video and audio elements for media playback.
Better support for local offline storage.
New content specific elements, like article, footer, header, nav, section.
New form controls, like calendar, date, time, email, url, search.

New Markup Elements

New elements for better structure:

Tag	Description
<article>	Specifies independent, self-contained content, could be a news-article, blog post, forum post, or other articles which can be distributed independently from the rest of the site.
<aside>	For content aside from the content it is placed in. The aside content should be related to the surrounding content
<command>	A button, or a radio button, or a checkbox
<details>	For describing details about a document, or parts of a document
<summary>	A caption, or summary, inside the details element
<figure>	For grouping a section of stand-alone content, could be a video
<figcaption>	The caption of the figure section
<footer>	For a footer of a document or section, could include the name of the author, the date of the document, contact information, or copyright information
<header>	For an introduction of a document or section, could include navigation
<hgroup>	For a section of headings, using <h1> to <h6>, where the largest is the main heading of the section, and the others are sub-headings
<mark>	For text that should be highlighted
<meter>	For a measurement, used only if the maximum and minimum values are known
<nav>	For a section of navigation
<progress>	The state of a work in progress
<ruby>	For ruby annotation (Chinese notes or characters)
<rt>	For explanation of the ruby annotation
<rp>	What to show browsers that do not support the ruby element
<section>	For a section in a document. Such as chapters, headers, footers, or any other sections of the document
<time>	For defining a time or a date, or both
<wbr>	Word break. For defining a line-break opportunity.

New Media Elements

HTML5 provides a new standard for media content:

Tag	Description
<audio>	For multimedia content, sounds, music or other audio streams
<video>	For video content, such as a movie clip or other video streams
<source>	For media resources for media elements, defined inside video or audio elements
<embed>	For embedded content, such as a plug-in

The Canvas Element

The canvas element uses JavaScript to make drawings on a web page.

Tag	Description
<canvas>	For making graphics with a script

New Form Elements

HTML5 offers more form elements, with more functionality:

Tag	Description
<datalist>	A list of options for input values
<keygen>	Generate keys to authenticate users
<output>	For different types of output, such as output written by a script

New Input Type Attribute Values

Also, the input element's type attribute has many new values, for better input control before sending it to the server:

Type	Description
tel	The input value is of type telephone number
search	The input field is a search field
url	The input value is a URL
email	The input value is one or more email addresses
datetime	The input value is a date and/or time
date	The input value is a date
month	The input value is a month
week	The input value is a week
time	The input value is of type time
datetime-local	The input value is a local date/time
number	The input value is a number
range	The input value is a number in a given range
color	The input value is a hexadecimal color, like #FF8800

Video

HTML5 specifies a standard way to include video, with the video element.

Ogg = Ogg files with Theora video codec and Vorbis audio codec.

MPEG4 = MPEG 4 files with H.264 video codec and AAC audio codec

WebM = WebM files with VP8 video codec and Vorbis audio codec

Example:

Your browser does not support the video tag.

</video>

Example:

document.getElementById("video").play();

<video> Attributes

Attribute	Value	Description
audio	muted	Defining the default state of the the audio. Currently, only "muted" is allowed
autoplay	autoplay	If present, then the video will start playing as soon as it is ready
controls	controls	If present, controls will be displayed, such as a play button
height	pixels	Sets the height of the video player
loop	loop	If present, the video will start over again, every time it is finished
poster	url	Specifies the URL of an image representing the video
preload	preload	If present, the video will be loaded at page load, and ready to run. Ignored if "autoplay" is present
src	url	The URL of the video to play
width	pixels	Sets the width of the video player

Audio

The audio element can play sound files, or an audio stream. Currently, there are 3 main formats for the audio element:

Format : Ogg Vorbis, MP3, Wav

Ex 1

Your browser does not support the audio element.

</audio>

Ex 2

<audio id="audio" src="sound.mp3" controls></audio>
document.getElementById("audio").muted = false;

<audio> Attributes

Attribute	Value	Description
autoplay	autoplay	Specifies that the audio will start playing as soon as it is ready.
controls	controls	Specifies that controls will be displayed, such as a play button.
loop	loop	Specifies that the audio will start playing again (looping) when it reaches the end
preload	preload	Specifies that the audio will be loaded at page load, and ready to run. Ignored if autoplay is present.
src	url	Specifies the URL of the audio to play

Canvas

A canvas is a rectangular area, and you control every pixel of it.
The canvas element has several methods for drawing paths, boxes, circles, characters, and adding images.
Specify the id, width, and height of the element:
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200" height="100"></canvas>

Draw With JavaScript: The canvas element has no drawing abilities of its own. All drawing must be done inside a JavaScript:

var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");

var cxt = c.getContext("2d");

cxt.fillStyle = "#FF0000";

cxt.fillRect(0, 0, 150, 75);

</script>

Draw a line by specifying where to start, and where to stop:

Your browser does not support the canvas element.

</canvas>

var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");

var cxt = c.getContext("2d");

cxt.moveTo(10, 10);

cxt.lineTo(150, 50);

cxt.lineTo(10, 50);

cxt.stroke();

</script>

Draw a circle by specifying the size, color, and position:

Your browser does not support the canvas element.

</canvas>

var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas1");

var cxt = c.getContext("2d");

cxt.fillStyle = "#FF0000";

cxt.beginPath();

cxt.arc(70, 18, 15, 0, Math.PI * 2, true);

cxt.closePath();

cxt.fill();

</script>

Draw a gradient background with the colors you specify:

Your browser does not support the canvas element.

</canvas>

var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas2");

var cxt = c.getContext("2d");

var grd = cxt.createLinearGradient(0, 0, 175, 50);

grd.addColorStop(0, "#FF0000");

grd.addColorStop(1, "#00FF00");

cxt.fillStyle = grd;

cxt.fillRect(0, 0, 175, 50);

</script>

Draw a curve background with the black colors.

var canvasContext = document.getElementById("canvas").getContext("2d");

canvasContext.fillRect(250, 25, 150, 100);

canvasContext.beginPath();

canvasContext.arc(450, 110, 100, Math.PI * 1 / 2, Math.PI * 3 / 2);

canvasContext.lineWidth = 15;

canvasContext.lineCap = 'round';

canvasContext.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255, 127, 0, 0.5)';

canvasContext.stroke();

</script>

Web Storage

HTML5 offers two new objects for storing data on the client:

localStorage - stores data with no time limit
sessionStorage - stores data for one session

Earlier, this was done with cookies. Cookies are not suitable for large amounts of data, because they are passed on by EVERY request to the server, making it very slow and in-effective.
In HTML5, the data is NOT passed on by every server request, but used ONLY when asked for. It is possible to store large amounts of data without affecting the website's performance.
The data is stored in different areas for different websites, and a website can only access data stored by itself.
HTML5 uses JavaScript to store and access the data.

The localStorage Object

The localStorage object stores the data with no time limit. The data will be available the next day, week, or year.
How to create and access a localStorage:

Example

localStorage.lastname = "Smith";

document.write(localStorage.lastname);

</script>

The sessionStorage Object

The sessionStorage object stores the data for one session. The data is deleted when the user closes the browser window.

Example

sessionStorage.lastname = "Smith";

document.write(sessionStorage.lastname);

</script>

Input Types

Email : The value of the email field is automatically validated when the form is submitted.

Ex : E-mail: <input type="email" name="user_email" />

Url: The value of the url field is automatically validated when the form is submitted.

Ex: Homepage: <input type="url" name="user_url" />

Number: The number type is used for input fields that should contain a numeric value.

You can also set restrictions on what numbers are accepted:

Ex: Points: <input type="number" name="points" min="1" max="10" />

Range: The range type is used for input fields that should contain a value from a range of numbers.

The range type is displayed as a slider bar.

Ex: <input type="range" name="points" min="1" max="10" />

Date Pickers:

HTML5 has several new input types for selecting date and time:

date - Selects date, month and year
month - Selects month and year
week - Selects week and year
time - Selects time (hour and minute)
datetime - Selects time, date, month and year (UTC time)
datetime-local - Selects time, date, month and year (local time)

Date: <input type="date" name="user_date" />

Month: <input type="month" name="user_date" />

Time: <input type="time" name="user_date" />

Datetime <input type="datetime" name="user_date" />

Search: the Search fields behave like a regular search fields.

Ex: <input type="search" results="10" placeholder="Search..." />

Color: The color type is used for input fields that should contain a color.

Ex: <input type="color" placeholder="e.g. #bbbbbb" />

New Form Elements

New form elements:

datalist
keygen
output

Datalist Element:
The datalist element specifies a list of options for an input field.
The list is created with option elements inside the datalist.
To bind a datalist to an input field, let the list attribute of the input field refer to the id of the datalist:

Ex : Webpage: <input type="url" list="url_list" name="link" />

</datalist>

keygen Element:

The purpose of the keygen element is to provide a secure way to authenticate users.
The keygen element is a key-pair generator. When a form is submitted, two keys are generated, one private and one public.
The private key is stored on the client, and the public key is sent to the server. The public key could be used to generate a client certificate to authenticate the user in the future.
Currently, the browser support for this element is not good enough to be a useful security standard.
Ex:

Username: <input type="text" name="usr_name" />

Encryption: <keygen name="security" />

</form>

output Element:

The output element is used for different types of output, like calculations or script output:

Ex : <output id="result" onforminput="resCalc()"></output>

Form Attributes

autcomplete:

The autocomplete attribute works with <form>, and the following <input> types: text, search, url, telephone, email, password, datepickers, range, and color.
When the user starts to type in an autocomplete field, the browser should display options to fill in the field:

Ex: <form action="demo_form.asp" method="get" autocomplete="on">

First name: <input type="text" name="fname" /><br />

Last name: <input type="text" name="lname" /><br />

E-mail: <input type="email" name="email" autocomplete="off" /><br />

</form>

autofocus:

The autofocus attribute specifies that a field should automatically get focus when a page is loaded. The autofocus attribute works with all <input> types

User name: <input type="text" name="user_name" autofocus="autofocus" />

form Attrubute:

The form attribute specifies one or more forms the input field belongs to. The form attribute works with all <input> types.
The form attribute must refer to the id of the form it belongs to:

First name:<input type="text" name="fname" />

</form>

Last name: <input type="text" name="lname" form="user_form" />

Form Override:

formaction - Overrides the form action attribute
formenctype - Overrides the form enctype attribute
formmethod - Overrides the form method attribute
formnovalidate - Overrides the form novalidate attribute
formtarget - Overrides the form target attribute

Ex:

E-mail: <input type="email" name="userid" /><br />

</form>

height and width Attributes:

The height and width attributes specifies the height and width of the image used for the input type image.The height and width attributes only works with <input> type: image.

Ex: <input type="image" src="img_submit.gif" width="24" height="24" />

list Attribute:

The list attribute specifies a datalist for an input field. A datalist is a list of options for an input field.
The list attribute works with the following <input> types: text, search, url, telephone, email, date pickers, number, range, and color.
Ex:

Webpage: <input type="url" list="url_list" name="link" />

</datalist>

min, max and step Attributes:

The max attribute specifies the maximum value allowed for the input field.
The min attribute specifies the minimum value allowed for the input field.
The step attribute specifies the legal number intervals for the input field (if step="3", legal numbers could be -3,0,3,6, etc).

Points: <input type="number" name="points" min="0" max="10" step="3" />

multiple Attribute:

The multiple attribute specifies that multiple values can be selected for an input field.

Select images: <input type="file" name="img" multiple="multiple" />

Novalidate attribute:

The novalidate attribute specifies that the form or input field should not be validated when submitted.
If this attribute is present the form will not validate form input.
Note: The novalidate attribute works with: <form> and the following <input> types: text, search, url, telephone, email, password, date pickers, range, and color.

E-mail: <input type="email" name="user_email" />

</form>

pattern Attribute:

The pattern attribute specifies a pattern used to validate an input field.

The pattern attribute works with the following <input> types: text, search, url, telephone, email, and password

Country code: <input type="text" name="country_code"

pattern="[A-z]{3}" title="Three letter country code" />

placeholder Attribute:

The placeholder attribute provides a hint that describes the expected value of an input field.

Ex : <input type="search" name="user_search" placeholder="Search W3Schools" />

required Attribute:

The required attribute specifies that an input field must be filled out before submitting.

Name: <input type="text" name="usr_name" required="required" />

DRAG: We can drag the thing. Have a look at the following example.

http://html5demos.com/drag

DRAG AND DROP:

<head>

<style>

body

{

font-family: "Arial" , sans-serif;

}

table.userTable

{

width: 40em;

margin: 0 auto;

border-collapse: collapse;

border: solid 1px black;

}

table.userTable thead

{

}

table.userTable th

{

width: 33%;

background: #333333;

color: white;

}

table.userTable tbody td

{

border: solid 1px black;

padding: 1em;

}

table.userTable tfoot td

{

border: none;

visibility: hidden;

}

table.userTable tfoot td

{

border: solid 1px white;

}

table.userTable tfoot td.showHelp

{

border: solid 1px white;

visibility: visible;

}

.userList

{

width: 10em;

height: 10em;

overflow: auto;

border: solid 1px black;

}

table.userTable td a

{

display: block;

width: 10em;

height: 1.4em;

border: solid 1px #999999;

text-decoration: none;

text-align: center;

margin-bottom: .3em;

background-color: white;

cursor: move;

}

.draggedUser

{

zoom: 1;

opacity: .2;

-moz-opacity: .2;

filter: alpha(opacity=20);

}

#unassignedUsers:hover

{

background-color: #ffcccc;

}

#restrictedUsers:hover

{

background-color: #ffffcc;

}

#powerUsers:hover

{

background-color: #ccffcc;

}

</style>

<title>Drag and Drop Example: Permission Form</title>

</head>

<body>

<form>

<legend>Permissions</legend>

<p>

 To change

a user's credentials, drag and drop the user into the right box.</p>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>

Unassigned Users

</th>

<th>

Restricted Users

</th>

<th>

Power Users

</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

<tr>

<a href="#" draggable="true">Moe Howard</a> <a href="#" draggable="true">Curly Howard</a>

<a href="#" draggable="true">Shemp Howard</a> <a href="#" draggable="true">Larry Fine</a>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

<tfoot>

Drag a user from this list to another list to change the user's permissions.

</td>

Dragging user here will give this user restricted permissions

</td>

Dragging a user here will give this user power user access.

</td>

</tfoot>

</table>

</fieldset>

</form>

</body>

CONTENT EDITABLE: We can to edit and change their contents.

<head>

<title>HTML5 Demo: ContentEditable</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>

ContentEditable</h1>

</header>

<p>

Here's a typical paragraph element</p>

<ol>

<li>three items</li>

</ol>

</section>

<div>

</div>

</article>

var editable = document.getElementById('editable');

addEvent(editable, 'blur', function () {

// lame that we're hooking the blur event

localStorage.setItem('contenteditable', this.innerHTML);

document.designMode = 'off';

});

addEvent(editable, 'focus', function () {

document.designMode = 'on';

});

addEvent(document.getElementById('clear'), 'click', function () {

localStorage.clear();

window.location = window.location; // refresh

});

if (localStorage.getItem('contenteditable')) {

editable.innerHTML = localStorage.getItem('contenteditable');

}

</script>

</section>

var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www.");

document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));

</script>

try {

var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-1656750-18");

pageTracker._trackPageview();

} catch (err) { }</script>

</body>

</html>

Geolocation:

The geolocation service providers may be able to provide a location to within a few meters. However, in other areas it might be much more than that. All locations are to be considered estimates as there is no guarantee on the accuracy of the locations provided.

Example:

http://www.browsergeolocation.com/

Monday, September 5, 2011

HTML 5

New Features :

New Markup Elements

New Media Elements

The Canvas Element

New Form Elements

New Input Type Attribute Values

Video

<video> Attributes

Audio

<audio> Attributes

Canvas

Draw With JavaScript: The canvas element has no drawing abilities of its own. All drawing must be done inside a JavaScript:

Web Storage

The localStorage Object

Example

The sessionStorage Object

Example

Input Types

Email : The value of the email field is automatically validated when the form is submitted.

Url: The value of the url field is automatically validated when the form is submitted.

Range: The range type is used for input fields that should contain a value from a range of numbers.

The range type is displayed as a slider bar.

Date Pickers:

Search: the Search fields behave like a regular search fields.

Color: The color type is used for input fields that should contain a color.

New Form Elements

keygen Element:

output Element:

autofocus:

The autofocus attribute specifies that a field should automatically get focus when a page is loaded. The autofocus attribute works with all <input> types

form Attrubute:

Form Override:

height and width Attributes:

list Attribute:

min, max and step Attributes:

multiple Attribute:

pattern Attribute:

placeholder Attribute:

required Attribute:

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